Sabe-se que o consumo de peixe diminui o risco de morte súbita. Pesquisadores da Faculdade de Medicina Purpan, na França, avaliaram a associação entre o consumo de peixe e a freqüência cardíaca. Foram selecionados para o estudo 9758 homens (idade entre 50 e 59 anos) sem doença cardíaca coronariana (DCC) prévia.
A freqüência cardíaca e o risco para DCC foram comparados entre quatro categorias de pacientes classificados de acordo com o consumo de peixe: grupo 1, menos de uma vez por semana (n=2662); grupo 2, uma vez por semana (n=4576); grupo 3, duas vezes por semana (n=1964); e grupo 4, mais de duas vezes por semana (n=556).
Nos indivíduos que referiram um maior consumo de peixe, foi observada redução da taxa de triglicérides (p<0,0001), menor pressão sistólica (P<0,006) e menor pressão diastólica (P<0,0001). Da mesma maneira, a freqüência cardíaca foi menor (P<0,0001). Estes dados foram confirmados após correção para fatores de confusão.
O consumo de peixe está portanto associado a uma diminuição da freqüência cardíaca em homens. Devido à relação entre freqüência cardíaca e morte súbita, esta associação pode explicar, em parte, o menor risco de morte súbita em indivíduos que consomem peixe com maior freqüência.
Fish Consumption Is Associated With Lower Heart Rates - Circulation
Published online before print August 11, 2003, doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000084542.64687.97
(Circulation. 2003;108:820.)
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Fish Consumption Is Associated With Lower Heart Rates
Jean Dallongeville, MD, PhD; John Yarnell, MD, PhD; Pierre Ducimetière, PhD; Dominique Arveiler, MD, PhD; Jean Ferrières, MD, MPH; Michèle Montaye, MD; Gérald Luc, MD; Aluns Evans, MD, PhD; Annie Bingham, MSc; Bernadette Hass, MD; Jean-Bernard Ruidavets, MD, PhD; Philippe Amouyel, MD, PhD
From INSERM U 508 (J.D., M.M., P.A.), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (J.Y., A.E.), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Ireland; INSERM U 258 (P.D., A.B., G.L.), Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Laboratoire d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (D.A., B.H.), Strasbourg, France; and INSERM U 558 (J.F., J.-B.R.), Faculté de Médecine Purpan, Toulouse, France.
Correspondence to Dr Jean Dallongeville, INSERM U 508, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Pr Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France. E-mail jean.dallongeville@pasteur-lille.fr
Received December 31, 2002; de novo received April 23, 2003; accepted May 1, 2003.
Background— Fish consumption decreases risk of sudden death. The goal of the present study was to assess the relationship between fish consumption and heart rate.
Methods and Results— A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of 9758 men, age 50 to 59 years, without coronary heart disease (CHD) who were recruited in France and Belfast, Ireland, from 1991 to 1993. Heart rate and CHD risk factors were compared among 4 categories of fish consumption, as follows: (1) less than once per week (n=2662), (2) once per week (n=4576), (3) twice per week (n=1964), and (4) more than twice per week (n=556). Fatty acid profiles of erythrocyte phospholipids were determined in a random subsample of 407 subjects. In erythrocyte phospholipids, eicosapentaenoic acid (P<0.0005), docosahexaenoic acid (P<0.0001), and total n-3 fatty acid (P<0.0008) increased across the categories of fish intake. Triglycerides (P<0.0001), systolic blood pressure (P<0.006), and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.0001) were lower and HDL cholesterol levels (P<0.004) were higher in fish consumers than in nonconsumers. Similarly, heart rate decreased across the categories of fish intake (P<0.0001). After adjustment for age, center, education level, physical activity, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and antiarrhythmic medications, heart rate remained statistically lower among fish consumers than among nonconsumers (P for trend <0.0001). Docosahexaenoic acid content of erythrocyte phospholipids was inversely correlated with heart rate (P<0.03).
Conclusions— Fish consumption is associated with decreased heart rate in men. Because heart rate is positively associated with risk of sudden death, this association may explain, at least in part, the lower risk of sudden death among fish consumers.
Key Words: nutrition • heart rate • fatty acids • death, sudden